http://ascenteq.com/project/epdp

ርእሰ ዓንቀጽ ሰዲህኤ

ህዝቢ ኤርትራ ብዝሓለፎን ዝሓልፎ ዘሎን ኩነታት ርቡሕን ሕጉስን ኣይኮነን። ናይ ዘይምርብሑን ዘይምሕጓሱን መሰረታዊ ጠንቂ ድማ፡ ኣብ ኣርዑት ዋኒን ህዝቢ ዘይዋኒኑን ኣብ ስልጣን ምቕጻሉ ጥራይ ቅድሚት ዝሰርዕን ምምሕዳር ጉጅለ ህግደፍ ምጽማዱ እዩ። ዝርዝራዊ መግለጺ ናይቲ ንህዝብና ዘየቕስኖን ዘየሕጉሶን ኩርኳሕ ሰፊሕ ኮይኑ፡ ብፍላይ ኣብዚ እዋንዚ ንህልውናኡ ከም ህዝቢ ኣብ ሓደጋ ከይወድቕ ዘስግእ ኮይኑ ዘሎ እዩ።

ህዝቢ ኤርትራ ነቲ ናብ ከምዚ ደረጃ ዘውደቖ ምምሕዳር ህግደፍ ንዝተወሰነ ግዜ ተጸሚሙ ዝሓሸ ማሕበረ-ቁጠባዊ ህይወት ከምጽኣሉ ተጸብይዎ እዩ። እንተኾነ እቲ ምጽማሙ ነቲ ዝኸፈአ ናብ ኣዝዩ ዝኸፈአ ዝወስድ እምበር ራህዋን መስተርሆን ዘምጽአ ኣይነበረን። ኣብ መስርዕ ቃልሲ ኣንጻር ምምሕድር ህግደፍ ክኣቱ ከኣ ግድን ኮይንዎ። እንተኾነ ቃልሱ ኣንጻርቲ ጉጅለ ውሁድን ውዱብን ስለ ዘይኮነ፡ ኣብቲ ዝደለዮ ግዜ ዝተጸበዮ ለውጢ ከመዝግብ ኣይበቐዐን። እቲ ዝበረኸ ኣንንጻር ህግደፍ ክስመዖ ዝግበኦ ናይ ቃልሲ ድምጺ ናይ ምፍጣር ጻዕሩ ግና ቀጺሉ። ክሳብቲ ጸዊዑ ዘስምዕ ወቒዑ ዘድምዕ ድምጺ ዝፈጥር ቃልሱ ክቕጽል ግድን ስለ ዝኾነ፡ ሎሚ እውን ብኽንድቲ ክብርኾ ዝነበሮኳ እንተዘይኮነ ህዝቢ ኤርትራ ካብ ቃልሲ ዓዲ ኣይወዓለን።

ህግደፍ ንህዝቢ ኤርትራ፡ በቲ “ርእዩ ከምዘይረኣየ፡ ሰሚዑ ከምዘይሰምዐ”  ስቕታኡ ስለ ዝደንደኖ፡  ኣብ ክንዲ ናብ ውሽጣዊ ዘቤታዊ ዋኒኑ፡ ናብ ደገ ከም ዘመዓዱ ናይ ምግባር ሓደገኛ ኣጀንዳኡ ብዝተፈላለየ ኣገባብ ቀጺልዎ። ምስ ሱዳን፡ የመንን ጅቡትን ዘካየዶም ዘይግሉጽ ዝምኽንያቶም ውግኣትን ኣንጻር ንናጽነት ኤርትራ ዘበርከታ ሃገራትን ኣህጉራዊ ትካላትን ዝጽሕትሮ ዝነበረ ጽልኢ ዕላማኡ ምድህላልን ኣቓልቦ ምቕያርን እዩ ነይሩ። ህዝቢ ኤርትራ ነዚ ኩሉ ጸይቅታት ህግደፍ ዝህቦ ዝነበረ ግብረ-መልሲ ስቕታ ምዃኑ ድማ፡ ኣንጻር ኢትዮጵያ ናይ ክልተ ዓመታት ደማዊ ውግእ ኣባሪዑ፡ ንህዝቢ ኤርትራ ኣደዳ ሞት፡ ምዕናው ንብረትን ካብ መነባብሮኻ ምምዝባልን ገይርዎ። ዘየሰሓሕብ መሬት ኤርትራውን ኣግሂሱ። ነዚ ዝጻረር ሓያል ድምጺ ህዝቢ  ብእዋኑ ኣይተሰምዐን። እዚ ስቕታዚ እውን ንህግደፍ በቲ ኣፍራሲ መንገዱ ንክቕጽል ዘሻደኖ ተመኩሮ እዩ።

ውግእ ምስ ኢትዮጵያ 1998-2000፡ ብፍላይ ኣብቲ እዋኑ ናይ ኤርትራ ዶብን ልኡላውነትን ንምዕቃብ ከም ዝተኻየደ ኣምሲልካ ኣመላኺዕካ  ተገሊጹ እዩ። ድሕሪ ዝተወሰነ ግዜ ግና ናይ ጉጅለ ህግደፍ ህልኽ፡ ቂምን ኣብ ስልጣን ምቕጻልን ዝደረኾ  ጸላእቲ ናይ ምዕዳም ወልፊ ምንባሩ ተቓሊዑ እዩ። ኢሳያስ ኣፈወርቂ ባዕሉ “ህዝቢ ኤርትራ ክልተሻብ ተዛሪብካ ኢሉ ኣይሓተንን እዩ” ብዝብል ንዕቀትን ብደዐን ተጠሊዑ ደጋጊሙ  “እቲ ውግእ ናይ ዶብ ኣይነበረን” ክብል ተሰሚዑ። ምስ መንግስቲ ኢትዮጵያ ብመሪሕነት ዶ/ር ኣብይ ኣሕመድ ብዛዕባ ምጥራር ዶብ ክዛረበሉ ዝኽእል ኩነታት ተፈጢሩ ኣብ ዝተባህለሉ መድረኽ እውን፡ ቀዳምነቱ ምጥፋእ መሪሕ ውድብ ትግራይ፡ ህዝባዊ ወያነ ሓርነት ትግራይ (ህወሓት) እምበር ጉዳይ ምምልካት ዶብን ልኡላውነትን ከምዘይነበረ ጸቒጡ ንምጥቃስ “ህዝብታት ኤርትራን ኢትዮጵያን ክልተ ህዝብታ እዮም ዝብሉ ታሪኽን ሓቅን ዘይፈልጡ እዮም” ኢሉ ሓጪጩ እዩ። እቲ ዘገርም ግና ሎሚ እውን ከምቲ “ብዘበን ውበ ዝጸመመ፡ ውበ ክብል ነበረ” ዝበሃል ነቲ ኢሳያስ ዝጠንጠኖ ጉዳይ ልኡላውነት ከኳማስዑን ብኣኡ ከመኻንይሉን ዝውዕሉ “ደገፍቱ ኢና” በሃልቲ ምህላዎም እዩ።

 ውግእ ኤርትራን ኢትዮጵያን 1998-2000፡ ሕጋውን ዲፕሎማስያውን መልክዕ ሒዙ ምስ ተወገነ’ “ደጊም  ሕሳብና ንግበር፡ ናብ ውሽጣዊ ኤርትራዊ ህዝባዊ ጉዳያትና ነድህብ” ንዝበሉ ፖለቲከኛታትን ጋዜጠኛታትን ብዘይምሕረት ኣሲሩን ሰዊሩን። መማረጺ ፖለቲካዊ ኣተሓሳስባታት ኣብ ምቕራብ ተስፋ ተነቢሩለን ንዝነበራ ዕሸል ናይ ብሕቲ ጋዜጣታት ዳግማይ ከምዘይትንሰኣ ዓጽይወን። ነቶም ዝኣሰሮም እሞ ካብ ቀደም ከይወዳደርዎ ዝሰግኦም ዝነበረ ፖለቲከኛታት በብዓይነቱ ናይ ክድዓት ኣስማት ጠቂኑን ብዘይንሕስያ ኣጸሊሙን ካብ ህዝቢ ክንጽሎም ብምሉእ ዓቕሙ ጽዒቱ። ኣብቲ ኩነታት ሓያሎ ደገፍቱ ኤርትራውያን   ኣብ ክንዲ ኣብ ጐኒ’ቶም ኣንጻር ምምሕዳር ኢሳያስ ዓገብ ዝበሉ፡ ግዳያት ማእሰርቲ ዝኾኑ ዝስለፉ፡ ነቲ ናይ ህግደፍ ክስን ጸለመን ኣራጒዶም ረብሓኦም ዝጻረር ድምጺ ኣስሚዖም። ህግደፍ “ብወያነን ምዕራባውያንን ዝተገዝኡ ከደዓት” ኢሉ  ክኸሶም እንከሎ ዘሰነይዎ ኤርትራውያን ነይሮም።  ሎሚ እውን ከምቲ “ዋላ ትንፈር እምበር፡ ጤል እያ” ዝበሃል፡ ናብ ውነኦም ዘይተመልሱን ከየመዛዘኑን ዘዝበሎ ዝደግሙ ዳመቕቲ ህግደፍ ኣለዉ።

እዚ ሸፋጢ መንገዲ ህግደፍ፡ በቲ ሓደ ወገን ነቲ ተስፋ ዝነበሮ ናይ ለውጢ ምንቅስቓስ ንድሕሪት መሊስዎ እዩ። ብኣንጻሩ ነቲ ክሳብ ሕጂ ዝሃልል ዘሎ ጉጅለ በቲ መንገዲ፥ ዕንወት፡ ክሕደትን ወጽዓን ክቕጽል ኣተባቢዕዎ። እነሆ ከኣ ክሳብ ሎሚ መመሊሱ ከጋድድ እምበር ናይ ምምሕያሹ ምልክት ኣየርኣየን። ከም ኣብነት ናይዚ ሎሚ ሓደጋኡ ኣብ ልዕሊ ኤርትራን ህዝባን ዳርጋ ተለሚዱ፡ ሓደገኛነቱ ኣብ ጉዳይ ኢትዮጵያን ዞባ ቀርኒ ኣፍሪቃን ሓደገኛ ኣጀንዳ ኮይኑ ክውገዝን ክኹነንን ንከታተሎ ኣለና። ብሓፈሻ ኣብ ሰሜን ኢትዮጵያ፡ ብፍላይ ድማ ኣብ ትግራይ ዘሎ ካብ ምብራስ ንብረትን ትካላትን ጀሚርካ ክሳብ ሰብኣዊ ጽንተት ይፍጸም ምህላዉ ዘሰከፎም ኩሎም ወገናት፡ ሰላማዊ መፍትሒ ክርከብ ክምሕጸኑ እንከለዉ፡ “ሓይልታት ኤርትራ ካብ ውግእ ኢትዮጵያ-ትግራይ ይውጽኡ” ዝብል ሓሳብ ከየቃልሑ ኣብ ዘይሓልፍሉ ደረጃ በጺሖም ኣለዉ። ህዝቢ ኤርትራ ብሰንኪ ሓይልታት ህግደፍ ኣብ ጉዳይ ትግራይ ዘይምኽኑይ ኢድ ምእታዉ፡ መነባብሮኡ ይከላበት፡ ህይወት ኣሽሓት ይኸፍልን ሃብቱ ይባኽንን ኣሎ።  ህዝቢ ኤርትራ ንህግደፍ ከወግድ ዝኽእል ካብ ናይ ቅድሚ ሕጂ ዝሓየለን ዝሰመረን ድምጹ እንተዘየስሚዑ ድማ እቲ ሳዕቤን በዚ ሎሚ በጺሕዎ ዘሎ ደረጃ ዝድረት ኣይክኸውንን እዩ።

ፖለቲካዊ ሓይልታት ለውጢ ኤርትራ፡ ኣብዚ ሓድሽ ተረኽቦ ትግራይ ኣተሓሳስባኦምኳ እንተ ተኸፋፈለ፡ “እቲ  ንኢድ ኣእታውነት ህግደፍን ሳዕቤናቱን ዝኹንን” ወገን ዝዓበየ ክፋል እዩ። ዝተፈላለዩ ዞባውን ዓለምለኻውን ትካላትን ማሕበራትን ሳዕቤን ኢድ ኣእታውነት ህግደፍ ንህዝቢ ኤርትራ እውን ብዝኸፍአ ከየረኻኽበሉ ብምስጋእ፡ መዓልታዊ ኢልካ ክውሰድ ብዝከኣል ናይ “ኢድኩም ካብ ዘይምልከተኩም ውግእ ሰሓቡ” ድምጾም የስምዑ ኣለዉ። ኩሉዚ ግና ነቲ ናይ ህዝቢ ኤርትራ ወሳኒ ድምጺ መመላእታ እምበር ዝትከኦ ኣይኮነን። ስለዚ ህዝቢ ኤርትራ ብዘይምስምስን ናይ ካለኦት ኢድ ምጽባይን ኣንጻር ህግደፍ ዝበረኸ ድምጹ  ከስምዕ ደጋጊምና ንጽወዕ ኣለና።

ካብ 2016 ክሳብ 2021 ኣብ ዝነበረ ሓሙሽተ ዓመታት፡ 13,965  ኤርትራውያን ንዝርከብዎም 218,430 ስደተኛታት ናብ ካናዳ ኣትዮም ዑቕባ ከም ዝረኸቡ፡ ጸብጻብ ክፍሊ ኢምግሬሽን እታ ሃገር ብምጥቃስ መርበብ ሓበሬታ ሲቢኤስ ሓቢራ። ፈረንሳይ ብወገና  ቁጽሮም ዘይተፈልጠ ኤርትራውያን ዝርከብዎም፡ 700 ስደተኛታት ካብቲ ኣብ ማእከል ከተማ ፓሪስ ኣብ ጐደናታት ሰፊረምዎ ዝነበሩ ብ27 ጥቅምቲ 2022 ናብ ውሑስ ዝበለቶ ቦታ ከም ዘግዓዘቶም ቢቢሲ ኣፍሊጣ።

ካናዳ ኣብዘን ዝሓለፋ ዓመታት ብዝሃበቶ ዑቕባ፡ 13, 965 ኤርትራውያን ዕድል ከም ዝረኸቡ ዝጠቐሰ እቲ ዜና፡ ብዘይካዚ ካብቲ ጠቕላላ ቁጽሪ 18.6%  ህንዳውያን ተጠቀምቲ ክኾኑ እንከለዉ፡ 11.4% ዜጋታት ፍሊፕናውያንን 8.9% ቻንይናውያንን እውን ተጠቀምቲ ምዃኖም  ጸብጻብ ኢሚግረሽን ካናዳ ሓቢሩ።  

ምስዚ ኩሉ ሶርያውያን 61 ሺሕ ኮይኖም ቀዳማይ ደረጃ ዝሕዙ እዮም። ብብዝሒ ደረጃ ደድሕሪ ሶርያውያን ዝስርዑ፡ 15,505 ዒራቓውያን፡ 13 965 ኤርትራውያን፡ 9,490 ኣፍጋኒስታውያንን 7,810 ፓኪስታናውያንን ኮይኖም ከም ዝስርዑ፡ እቲ ጸብጻብ ኣስፊሩ። ኤርትራ ዜጋታተን ብብዝሒ ናብ ካናዳ ካብ ዝፈለሱ ቀዳሞት 8 ሃገራት ሓንቲ እያ። ምስ ብዝሒ ህዝቢ ናይተን ሃገራት ክመጣጠን እንከሎ ድማ ኤርትራ በቲ ፍልሰት ቀዳማይቲ’ያ እትስራዕ።

እዚ ከምዚሉ እንከሎ፡ ፈረንሳ ኣብ ከተማ ፓሪስ ኣብ ጐደናታት ሰፊሮም ዝጸንሑ 700 ስደተኛታት ብ27 ጥቅምቲ 2022 ናብ ውሑስ ዝበለቶ ቦታ ኣግዒዛቶም። እዞም ኣብ ጐደናታት ኣጽሊሎም ዝጸንሑ ስደተኛታት መብዛሕትኦም፡ ኤርትራውያን፡ ኢትዮጵያውያንን ኣፍጋኒስታናውያንን፡ ምዃኖም ተፈሊጡ። ፈረንሳ ነዚ ስጉምቲ ዝወሰደት ነቲ ብምልውዋጥ ኣየር ከጋጥም ዝኽእል ሓያል ዛሕሊ ኣብ ግምት ብምእታው ምዃኑ ድማ ክፍለጥ ተኻኢሉ’ሎ።

OCTOBER 28, 2022 ERITREA HUB NEWS
Eritrea poses a real challenge to the UN system and the international community a UN expert said today, warning that the country’s human rights situation was deteriorating drastically.
“Eritrea was elected to serve in the UN Human Rights Council for the period 2022-2024. However, its continuous failure to fully cooperate with his mandate and implement the recommendations of human rights bodies calls the credibility and integrity of the entire UN human rights system into question,” said Mohamed Abdelsalam Babiker, UN Special Rapporteur on the situation of human rights in Eritrea, in a report to the General Assembly.

Source: UN Human Rights Commission

No end in sight: International community continues to fail Eritreans says UN Expert
27 October 2022

NEW YORK (27 October 2022) – Eritrea poses a real challenge to the UN system and the international community a UN expert said today, warning that the country’s human rights situation was deteriorating drastically.
“Eritrea was elected to serve in the UN Human Rights Council for the period 2022-2024. However, its continuous failure to fully cooperate with his mandate and implement the recommendations of human rights bodies calls the credibility and integrity of the entire UN human rights system into question,” said Mohamed Abdelsalam Babiker, UN Special Rapporteur on the situation of human rights in Eritrea, in a report to the General Assembly.

“The intensification of the armed conflict in Tigray, the de facto blockade by Eritrean forces, secret places of torture called “villas” and the forced indefinite national conscription, all contribute to violations of human rights in Eritrea,” the Special Rapporteur said.

The expert made note of the fact that Eritrea had used its Human Rights Council membership to oppose international scrutiny over violations in the Tigray Region and voted against the establishment of an international commission of experts to investigate allegations of human rights and humanitarian law violations in Ethiopia.

Eritrea has been fighting alongside Ethiopia’s central government troops since the civil war broke out in Tigray in late 2020.

Babiker’s report to the General Assembly also noted that Eritrean journalists, political opponents and disappeared persons had been detained in the country for more than 20 years. “They are the longest detained persons in the world, languishing in jails and incommunicado detentions,” the Special Rapporteur said. December 2022 will mark 10 years since the arrest of Ciham Ali Abdu, an American-Eritrean child who had been held incommunicado since the age of 15. According to the UN expert, there had been a recent and worrying uptick in arbitrary arrests and detentions against clergymen in the country.

“The Government of Eritrea should release children, political prisoners, hundreds of disappeared persons and those imprisoned for their religious beliefs and allow all Eritreans to exercise their right to freedom of religion,” the UN expert said.

The Special Rapporteur said he had received information that people from the Afar region of Eritrea were being denied access to asylum procedures especially at the Asayita refugee camp in Ethiopia.

“Immediate action is imperative to protect refugees and other vulnerable populations. Humanitarian actors face difficulties operating in Tigray due to the complex security situation and lack of access, impacting humanitarian delivery to refugees,” he said.

ENDS

In September 2020, the Human Rights Council appointed Dr. Mohamed Abdelsalam Babiker of Sudan as Special Rapporteur on the situation of human rights in Eritrea. Dr. Babiker is an Associate Professor of International Law at the University of Khartoum and founding Director of its Human Rights Centre. He is also a practicing lawyer, has conducted international investigations in the Horn of Africa on human rights and international humanitarian law and has published extensively.

The Special Rapporteurs are part of what is known as the Special Procedures of the Human Rights Council. Special Procedures, the largest body of independent experts in the UN Human Rights system, is the general name of the Council’s independent fact-finding and monitoring mechanisms that address either specific country situations or thematic issues in all parts of the world. Special Procedures experts work on a voluntary basis; they are not UN staff and do not receive a salary for their work. They are independent from any government or organisation and serve in their individual capacity.